Hawaiian petroglyphs are rich in symbols, with a tremendous concentration at Waikoloa. Circles predominate, some in conjunction with cupules, some concentric, and some stopping short of completion. One theory holds that circles recorded a circumambulation of the island, with multiple circles indicating the number of people in the group. But the certainty of that account seems a bit shaky. More dependable, it seems, is the narrative of cupules being the repository for umbilical cords.
Much of the information on this and my other Hawaii pages is from the highly recommend Spirit of Place: Petroglyphs of Hawaii, by Georgia Lee and Edward Stasack. It seems to be the most authoritative account of what we know about the carvings, and the difficulties of knowing what we know. The extensive data it lays out reflects an impressive amount of research, and the authors also appreciate the aesthetic impact of the petroglyphs. The book is out of print and copies are expensive, but you might try the library.
Back to Hawaii’s Petroglyph Treasures
Idea: drawings of sky optical phenomena such as solar halos and parhelia.